Underwriters Goldman Sachs, UBS, and Bear Stearns (now owned by JP Morgan) allegedly sold more than $175 million of mortgage-backed securities to insurance giant Mass Mutual without disclosing that they were composed of troubled loans, which made the securities “junk” worth only $40 million, according to a Law 360 article, citing a civil action filed by Mass Mutual. Many similar actions have been filed by major institutional investors against “the architects of the subprime implosion,” according to the article.